Anti-bacterial Activity of Diclofenac and its Synergy with Antibiotics

Bhoj R Singh, Department of Epidemiology, ICAR-ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India, Email: bhoj661@gmail.com

Received: 01-Dec-2021 Published: 22-Dec-2021

Diclofenac, an important nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with potent analgesic and antipyretic effects is often used alongside of antimicrobial therapy. Diclofenac’s antibacterial potential and its synergisms with several antibiotics are often claimed. Antibacterial activity of diclofenac and its synergy with doxycycline was determined on strains of Aeromonas trota, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. pneumoniae, Serratia grimaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus suis, and one strain each of Paenibacillus lactis, Pasteurella canis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Virchow and Staphylococcus equorum isolated from disease conditions. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of diclofenac and doxycycline was determined by broth dilution method and synergy between the two drugs was determined by the Checkerboard dilution technique MIC of diclofenac was 40 μg/mL to >2560 μg/ mL, minimum for a strain of S. suis For 17 strains it was ≥ 2560 μg/mL. The MIC of doxycycline was 0.125 μg/mL to 32 μg/mL; minimum for P. canis (0.125 μg/ mL). MIC of doxycycline got reduced only for three of the 20 strains tested; reduced to 1/8th for A. trota (8 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL with ≥ 160 μg diclofenac/mL), to 1/4th for P. lactis (8 μg/mL to 2 μg/mL with ≥ 1280 μg diclofenac/mL) and to half (16 μg/mL to 8 μg/mL with ≥ 640 μg diclofenac/mL). The antibacterial activity of diclofenac and its synergy with doxycycline was evident at therapeutically not-feasible concentrations (0.3 mg diclofenac kg-1 is therapeutically permitted) thus the claims of antibacterial activity of diclofenac may be of only academic interest not of any practical utility.

Currently, just a couple of anti-infection agents are accessible to treat methicillin-safe Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). One elective methodology incorporates adjuvants to anti-microbial treatment. Non-steroidal mitigating drugs (NSAIDs) are non-anti-toxin drugs answered to show antibacterial action. The target of this examination was to explore the cooperation between NSAIDs with chose anti-toxins (cefuroxime and chloramphenicol) against strains of S. aureus.

The antibacterial action of four NSAIDs (headache medicine, ibuprofen, diclofenac and mefenamic corrosive) were tried against ten pathogenic bacterial strains utilizing the microdilution stock strategy. The collaboration among NSAIDs and anti-toxins (cefuroxime/ chloramphenicol) was assessed by computing the fragmentary inhibitory focus (FICI) of the blend.

Aspirin, ibuprofen and diclofenac showed antibacterial action against the chose pathogenic microbes. The collaboration between ibuprofen/anti-inflamatory medicine with cefuroxime was shown to be synergistic against methicillin-delicate S. aureus (MSSA) and the MRSA reference strain, though for MRSA clinical strains added substance impacts were watched for the two NSAIDs and cefuroxime blends. The blend of chloramphenicol with ibuprofen/anti-inflamatory medicine was synergistic against the entirety of the tried MRSA strains and showed an added substance impact against MSSA. A 4-8192-overlay decrease in the cefuroxime least inhibitory fixation (MIC) and a 4-64-crease decrease of the chloramphenicol MIC were archived.

Overall, the NSAIDs ibuprofen and headache medicine demonstrated antibacterial movement against strains of S. aureus. Albeit separately less intense than regular anti-infection agents, these NSAIDs are synergistic in real life with cefuroxime and chloramphenicol and might be utilized as adjuvants in battling multidrug-safe MRSA.